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General Considerations for Animal Studies Intended to Evaluate Medical Devices: Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff

FinalCenter for Devices and Radiological Health03/28/2023

Description

This guidance document provides the FDA’s recommendations on animal studies intended to evaluate medical devices intended for human use, when a suitable alternative to an animal study is not available. This guidance specifically applies to animal studies intended to assess device safety, which may include performance and handling, in premarket submissions to FDA. This guidance provides recommendations for various elements of animal studies, including the credentials for personnel conducting an animal study, and the study planning and conduct process, including but not limited to selecting an appropriate animal model, study monitoring, and study evaluation. This guidance also provides recommendations on testing facility selection, animal housing, records and reports, and how to prepare an animal study report for premarket submissions to FDA. The recommendations reflect current review practices and are intended to promote consistency and facilitate efficient review of medical device submissions.

Scope & Applicability

Product Classes

1
Medical Devices

Medical devices intended for human use; Approved or cleared medical devices

Stakeholders

7
medical device sponsors

Guidance developed to assist sponsors in designing and conducting animal studies.

Pathologist

Performs histopathological assessment of biopsies

In-Life Veterinarian

Provides a report summarizing key events for each animal enrolled in the study.

Sponsor

Entity responsible for submitting applications under section 524B

Veterinary Pathologist

Board-certified professional recommended for necropsy

Study Director

individual responsible for the overall conduct of a nonclinical laboratory study; Responsible for consulting with veterinarian and explaining outcomes; Individual responsible for the final study report and amendments; Responsible for reporting inspections and ensuring the report details the source of animals.

Quality Assurance Unit

GLP Regulations also require the use of a Quality Assurance Unit (QAU)

Regulatory Context

Attributes

4
radiopacity

A handling characteristic of a device.

Design iteration

Comparison of the device version used in the study to the final clinical version.

Sample Size

statistically justified calculation required in the plan

Final Finished Form

Use of Medical Device in Final Finished Form; Biocompatibility evaluation of the medical device; The condition of the medical device as it will be used

Identified Hazards

Hazards

2
Unexpected Animal Death

Data confounder making interpretation challenging

Adverse tissue findings

Observed findings that the pathologist must describe and interpret.

Related CFR Sections (11)

Related Warning Letters (10)

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    Envoy Medical Inc.

    2025-12-09
  • CGMP/QSR/Medical Devices/Adulterated

    Hong Qiangxing Shenzhen Electronics Limited

    2025-11-25
  • Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) for Nonclinical Laboratory Studies

    CCIC Huatongwei International Inspection Co., Ltd.

    2025-08-26
  • Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) for Nonclinical Laboratory Studies

    Jiangsu Kerbio Medical Technology Group Co.

    2025-08-26
  • CGMP/QSR/Medical Devices/Adulterated

    Spectra Therapy, LLC

    2025-08-12
  • CGMP/QSR/Medical Devices/Adulterated

    Mectronic Medicale S.R.L.

    2025-08-05
  • CGMP/QSR/Medical Devices/Adulterated

    Aju Pharm Co., Ltd.

    2025-06-24
  • CGMP/QSR/Medical Devices/Adulterated

    Sedecal S.A.

    2025-05-27
  • CGMP/QSR/Medical Devices/Adulterated

    NeuroSync, Inc.

    2025-05-20
  • Noah Medical Corporation

    2025-04-22

See Also (8)