Back to Explorer

Patient-Focused Drug Development: Selecting, Developing, or Modifying Fit-for-Purpose Clinical Outcome Assessments

FinalCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research Center for Devices and Radiological Health10/22/2025

Description

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or Agency) is announcing the availability of a final guidance for industry, FDA staff, and other stakeholders entitled “Patient-Focused Drug Development: Selecting, Developing, or Modifying Fit-for-Purpose Clinical Outcome Assessments.” This guidance (Guidance 3) is the third in a series of four methodological patient-focused drug development (PFDD) guidance documents that describe how stakeholders (patients, researchers, medical product developers, and others) can submit patient experience and other relevant information from patients and caregivers to be used for medical product development and regulatory decision-making. This guidance finalizes the draft guidance of the same title issued on June 30, 2022.

Scope & Applicability

Product Classes

3
Medical Product

Includes drugs, devices, and biological products

Medical Devices

Medical devices intended for human use; Approved or cleared medical devices

Digital health technology

Technologies like mobile sensors used for remote data acquisition.

Stakeholders

10
patients

Stakeholders involved in collecting patient experience data

Clinician

Provides clinical judgment and conducts assessments for ClinROs.

Proxy reporter

A PRO cannot be completed by a proxy reporter.

Measure developer

entity that creates the COA and defines intended meanings of items

Patient advocacy groups

Collaborators encouraged for precompetitive COA development

Caregiver

It may be a hardship for patients and/or caregivers to attend in-person; Individuals who may assist patients or provide observations when patients cannot self-report.; conducted with caregivers to obtain similar feedback

Sponsor

Entity responsible for submitting applications under section 524B

caregivers

Stakeholders providing relevant information for medical product development; Source of data on the nature and importance of the MAH

medical product developers

Stakeholders using patient experience data for regulatory decision-making

Sponsors

Assist sponsors in the nonclinical evaluation

Regulatory Context

Attributes

8
Fit-for-Purpose

Determining whether a COA is appropriate for its context of use; A COA having sufficient evidence to support its context of use.; COA validation is sufficient to support its context of use; The status of a COA being appropriate for its intended context of use; conclusion that a COA is appropriate for its intended context of use; Determination of a COA's suitability for its intended use; Standard for determining if a COA is appropriate for its intended use; Selecting, Developing, or Modifying Fit

Content Validity

Establishing and Reporting the Evidence in Newly Developed Patient-Reported Outcomes

Practice effects

Improvement in PerfO tasks due to repetition rather than health improvement

Measurement error

Variation in scores that does not reflect the concept of interest

Recall period

The time frame over which respondents are asked to remember experiences

Concept of Interest

the specific thing being measured by the COA

Meaningful Aspect of Health

MAH targeted by the intervention

Context of Use

The specific environment and population in which a COA is intended to be used; Selecting fit-for-purpose COAs based on the context of use.; The intended context in which the COA will be used

Identified Hazards

Hazards

4
Expectation bias

Influence on COA scores based on respondent or administrator expectations

Patient fatigue

A concern that may impact performance on time- or effort-sensitive tasks.

Practice effects

Patients improving performance due to repeated exposure rather than disease change.

Respondent fatigue

Burden due to measure length or complexity affecting data quality

Related Warning Letters (10)

  • In Vivo Bioavailability-Bioequivalence Studies – Clinical

    Maria A. Carballosa, M.D.

    2025-12-23
  • Unapproved New Drug/Unlicensed Biological Product/Biologics License Application (BLA)

    Celularity, Inc

    2025-12-09
  • Sponsor/Investigator

    Verdure Sciences, Inc.

    2025-11-18
  • Clinical Investigator (Sponsor)

    Pamela K. Den Besten, DDS, MS

    2025-09-30
  • Clinical Investigator/Sponsor

    Ralph A. DeFronzo, M.D.

    2025-09-23
  • Clinical Investigator

    Shirish M. Gadgeel, M.D.

    2025-09-09
  • Clinical Investigator

    Mark J. Savant, M.D

    2025-07-15
  • Clinical Investigator

    Peter Michael, M.D.

    2025-07-01
  • Clinical Investigator (Sponsor)

    American Behavioral Research Institute, LLC

    2025-06-10
  • Bioresearch Monitoring Program

    Amy Lightner, MD

    2025-06-03

See Also (8)