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Small Entity Compliance Guide: What You Need to Know About Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Hazard Analysis, and Risk-Based Preventive Controls for Human Food

FinalHuman Foods Program10/31/2016

Description

The Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Hazard Analysis, and Risk-Based Preventive Controls for Human Food (PCHF) rule creates new requirements for the production of human food by registered food facilities, and revises previous requirements. This guide was developed to inform domestic and foreign food facilities about thePCHF regulationand how to comply with it. It contains important information that may affect your firm.

Scope & Applicability

Product Classes

9
Human Food

Food intended for human consumption subject to Part 117; Food manufactured, processed, packed, or held

Unexposed packaged food

Packaged food not exposed to the environment

Ready-to-eat food

Food that is in a form that is edible without additional preparation to achieve food safety

raw agricultural commodity

Type of food eligible for import under VQIP

Human food by-products

By-products sent for use as animal food

Acidified food

Food requiring hazard analysis and scheduled process

Raw agricultural commodities

RACs; Fruits and vegetables subject to section 419 standards; Referred to as RACs in the context of packing and holding.

Dietary supplement

A dietary supplement is deemed to be food under section 201(ff)

Low-acid canned food

specific requirements under 21 CFR 1.502(b); thermally processed food in hermetically sealed containers

Stakeholders

10
Small Entity

Target audience for the compliance guide

Owner, operator, or agent in charge

Persons to whom the PCHF requirements apply; Responsible for determining hazards requiring preventive controls; Person responsible for determining hazards requiring preventive control

Supplier

Facility supplying raw materials or ingredients; Facility providing raw materials to a manufacturer

qualified auditor

Qualified individual with technical expertise to perform auditing functions; person defined in 21 CFR 1.500 who performs audits; person conducting onsite audits without financial conflicts; Person required to conduct onsite audits

Manufacturer

Entity responsible for submitting NDINs

Competent individuals

Assigned responsibility for overall sanitation of the plant

Personnel

Employees handling RTE foods or cleaning equipment

Management

Involved in the effective system for managing quality

Very Small Business

A business averaging less than $1,000,000 in annual sales of human food; Definition based on average annual sales plus market value; Business averaging less than $2,500,000 in annual sales of animal food

Small Business

Target audience for the compliance guide

Regulatory Context

Attributes

9
Compliance Date

November 20, 2024

Safe-moisture level

Moisture level low enough to prevent microorganism growth

Full-time equivalent employee

Metric used to determine small business status based on 2,080 hours per year

pH

Intrinsic characteristic affecting the growth of L. monocytogenes; intrinsic characteristic used as a process control; parameter to monitor for control; Process control parameters such as pH; Used to define listeristatic formulations

Water activity

Factor affecting pathogen growth

pH of 4.6 or below

Specification for acid fruits and vegetables used in jams

pH less than 4.2

Acidity level defining low-risk fruit and vegetable processing

Time/temperature control for safety

TCS food requiring specific conditions to limit pathogen growth; TCS food requirements to limit pathogen growth

very small business

Business averaging less than $1,000,000 in annual food sales.

Identified Hazards

Hazards

10
Biological hazards

Includes microbiological hazards like parasites and pathogens; Hazards associated with covered produce requiring controls.; Risks such as foodborne illness outbreaks.

Pathogens

Microbiological hazard causing adulteration; Sampling recommendations for detecting contamination

Undesirable microorganisms

Microorganisms that safe moisture levels and sanitization aim to prevent

Pest

Objectionable animals or insects including birds, rodents, flies, and larvae

Pathogen

Adulteration link that triggers DWPE.

Food allergen

Possibility of introducing an allergen through transferring genetic material.

Environmental pathogen

A pathogen capable of surviving and persisting with the manufacturing processing environment

Aflatoxin

reasonably foreseeable hazard in corn gluten meal

Allergen cross-contact

chemical hazard under 21 CFR 117.130(b)(1)(ii)

Pests

Includes rodents and birds that can contaminate equipment and produce.; Attracted by trash, litter, and waste.

Related CFR Sections (18)

Related Warning Letters (10)

  • Seafood HACCP/CGMP for Foods/Adulterated/Insanitary Conditions

    Harbor Marine Product Inc.

    2025-12-16
  • CGMP/Food/Prepared, Packed or Held Under Insanitary Conditions/Adulterated/L. monocytogenes

    Compass Group USA

    2025-11-11
  • CGMP/Dietary Supplement/Adulterated/Misbranded

    Valentine Enterprises, Inc.

    2025-09-30
  • CGMP/Dietary Supplement/Adulterated/Misbranded

    Time Challenger Labs International, Inc.

    2025-09-30
  • CGMP/Dietary Supplement/Adulterated/Misbranded

    Vidaslim Co.

    2025-09-30
  • CGMP/Food/Prepared, Packed or Held Under Insanitary Conditions/Adulterated

    Gracie's Kitchens, Inc.

    2025-09-30
  • CGMP/Food/Prepared, Packed or Held Under Insanitary Conditions/Adulterated

    Hans Bakery Inc. d/b/a Andersen’s Bakery

    2025-09-30
  • CGMP/Food/Prepared, Packed or Held Under Insanitary Conditions/Adulterated

    Tan Nam Corporation

    2025-09-30
  • Unapproved New Drugs/Misbranded

    Mericon Industries, Inc.

    2025-09-16
  • Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FSVP)

    Jalisco Fresh Produce, Inc.

    2025-09-09

See Also (8)

Small Entity Compliance Guide: What You Need to Know About Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Hazard Analysis, and Risk-Based Preventive Controls for Human Food | Guideline Explorer | BioRegHub